Rotary chuck



June 16, 1942. w. E. PARISH ROTARY CHUCK Filed March 4, 1941 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 1NVENT0R M22' June 16, 1942. w. E. PARISH ROTARY CHUCK Filed March 4, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 June 16, 1942. w. E. PARISH 2,286,927

ROTARY CHUCK Filed March 4, 1941 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 #Ua/mus ychuck being rotated as Patented June 16, 1942 umriss n; errar sar. orsi-e s;

2,286,9277.Y RQEARY CHUCK l Willard Parish, Syracuse,-N.Y-1. Arniicaiien Marsha@ 194k- Sfi2l1-N0v3L7l2i 4 Claims.

This invention relates to work holding chucks forY use on lathes and similar machineotools, the

distinguished from machines wherein the work holding chuck remains stationary or xed and the cutting tool is rotated about the work.

More particularly the invention has to do with a chuck of the type referred to intended particularlyfor the production of like vparts in .large volume wherein the work holding jaws have only suicient movement to as distinguished from wherein the jaws are movable overthe entire range or capacity of the chuck..

The invention is directed specifically to mechanismoreiecting the radial. movement of the workholding jaws without the necessity .of using a wrench or other tool, whereby the chuck vmay be loaded. and unloaded with the minimum. of time and effort on the part of the operator.

The invention consists yin the novel features andin. the combinations and constructions hereinafter ,set forth and claimed..

Indescribing this invention, to the accompanying drawings in which like characters designate corresponding parts in all the views.V

Figure l isa front elevational view of `a chuck embodying vmy invention..

Figure 2 .is a vertical sectional view taken .on 1ine2-2, Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a rear elevationalview of the chuck withthe operating handwheel and other parts` removed,

Figure 4 is a fragmentary side elevationalview with parts in section.

Figure 5 is a fragmentary front elevational view of the cam ring looking to the left in Figure 2 and including a toggle link and a jaw actuating pin.

Figure 6 is a side elevational view ofY the toggle operating ring and contiguous portion of the hand wheel with parts broken away and parts in section.

Figure 'l is arear elevational viewV of vthe toggle operating link. v

The chuck comprises an annular body member I0 including a back member II to'whichv the body is secured as by means of screws l2.v The back member II is threaded as at I3 for attachment .to the rotating spindle of a lathe, or other machine tool. The face of the body member is formed with a plurality of radially extending grooves I4 ineach of which a jaw-l5is slidably mounted.4

grip and release thework the ordinary lathe chuck.

referencev is had A work engaging memberl IE- is secured to each of the jaws oran extension jaw I5 as by screws screws 23, The ,segm

ental members I8 overlap the face of the jaws adjacent Veach edge thereo and 'thereby serveto or grooves Ill.v mental portion retain the aws in the slots in Figure` l, the vupper leftfseg- I8; has been omitted to more.

clearly show the construction, whichv up to this point is more or less this kind.

The body, Iis formed with an in which `a cam ring.v

conventional in chucks oi' annular recess 25 ;is rotatably mounted.

This cam ring is formed with an arcuate slot.

26, there being` I5, and the slots axis of the body.

vided with a pin 2 projecting f such slots for each jaw 26 areformed eccentric with the ch of the jaws I5 is prorearwardly into the slots 25. An `elliptical shaped bushingv 33 is mounted on the rearw each of the pins 2l an that when the cam ringv rection relative to thev body,

ardly projecting portion of d the arrangement is such 25 is rotated in one .di-

the jaws I5 are caused to move inwardly toward the axis of the body, and when opposite direction the clockwise direction, the ring is rotated in tion. InV this gure, been rotated in arclo the .cam ring is rotated in the are urged outwardly. jaws are moved in- 25 is rotated in a jaws a counter-clockwise directhe .ring is shown as .having ckwise. direction and with thejaws moved inwardly to a position engaging the work 3 I The cam ring ,'is rotated by a toggle linkage.

which is actuated by mounted upon the backmember II. ring 25 is provided with .a plurality extending rearwardly the hand wheel, 32'ifreely.

The cam of pins 33, through arcuate slots 3d formed in the chuck body.k

A link 35 is pivotally mounted at one end to each of the pins link 36, by pin 31,-.the otally Amounted .upon a ring 39 mounted on IE! and being adjustab of and being secured clamp 4i) actuated by the body.

The pivoted 33, and at its opposite end .to a

other end of which ispiva pin. 33 .projecting fromv the rear face of thebody. le circumferentially therein adjusted position by a a screw lil threading into.

ends of the links 35, 35;

arefalso pivotally connected to one end of a link l2 which extends in a general direction radially inwardly and is pivotally connected Yat its innerv end to a pin 43 carried by an annular memberAA rotatably mounted on theback member I I.`

The arrangement of this linkage is such, that rotation of the annular member lid eiects movement of the toggle formed by the links 35, 36 into and out of straightened position and accordingly effects rotation of the cam ring 25.

The annular member 45 is formed with one or more projections 45 extending into notches 45 formed in a ring 4l secured to the hub of the hand wheel as by screws 48. The notches 133 are of appreoiably greater width than the projections 45 for the purpose hereinafter stated. The annular member 4d is out away as at 49 in order to provide proper clearance for the functioning of the link 2. The hand wheel 32 is retained against rearward axial movement on the member I I by means of a split nut 53 threaded upon the member II and held in adjusted position by contracting screw 5I. The nut 5i! is formed with an annular flange 52 engaging the hub of the wheel cam fashion, whereby the nut s 50 may be employed to clamp the hand wheel to the back member II under certain conditions.

It will be apparent, from the description, that it is only necessary for the operator to grasp the hand wheel 32 and rotate it in a counter-clockwise direction, Figure l, to release the work 3l from the chuck jaws I5, I5. In so doing, the annular member 44 is moved in a counter-clockwise direction causing the toggle links 35, 35 to break inwardly, as indicated in dotted outline Figure 5. This taking place because the pivot pin 38 is Iixedly secured to the body of the chuck and the pivot pin 43 is moved in a coimter-clockwise direction to the position 43a causing the toggle pin 3'I to move to the position pin 33 to substantially assume the position previously occupied by the toggle pin 3l thus effecting counter-clockwise rotation of the cam ring 25 which, through the medium of the slots 2S, effects outward movement of the jaws I5.

To engage the work, it is only necessary for the operator to rotate the hand wheel 32 in a clockwise direction Figure 1, causing the toggle links 35, 36 to assume a straight position and thus rotating the cam ring 25 in a clockwise direction. Because of the arrangement of the toggle mechanism, a slight pressure on the hand wheel 32 effects a substantial gripping pressure on the jaws I5, which pressure increases as the toggle approaches the straight line position.

It will be understood that in machining operations the chuck operates in a counter-clockwise direction Figure 1, and accordingly the inertia of the hand wheel 32 tends to straighten the toggle to eiect inward Accordingly, if the machine should be started up without tightening the hand wheel 32, the jaws will grip the work sufficiently to hold it in place and prevent it from being thrown out of the chuck, with the possibility of injury to the operator, or damage to the machine.

The purpose of the projections d5 on the annular member 44, and the enlarged notches d5 in the hand wheel ring lil, is to conserve the eiort of the operator in manipulating the chuck by permitting the ring 45 to be struck with the inertia of the hand wheel. This striking of the operating ring permits the toggle to be straightened under great pressure and to be opened with a minimum amount of eiTort on the part of the operator. This arrangement also prevents the temptation of grasping the hand wheel 32 previous to the time the chuck has stopped rotating. Such procedure would be of no assistance in opening the chuck but, on the other hand, would tendY Sie and the cam ring l movement of the jaws I5.

to tighten the jaws more securely against the work.

Initially the jaw extensions I 5 are adjusted, or machined, to approximately the correct size to tightly grip the work 3| when the toggle linkage is in straightened position. However, if it is found that in actual operation the extensionsv grip the work prematurely to the straightening of the toggle, or that they do not engage the work with sufficient pressure when the toggle is straightened, the clamp 43 is loosened and the ring 39 is adjusted circumferentially of the body which, in effect, produces a circumferential adjustment of the cam ring 25. When the proper adjustment is made, the clamp 40 is tightened to maintain the ring 39 in adjusted position. By this means, work of varying sizes may be properly gripped by the chuck.

As described, the chuck is arranged for gripping work externally. If it is desired to grip work internally, the segmental sections I8 and the jaws are removed and the cam ring 25 is reversed, whereby the eccentric slots 26 extend in the opposite direction. This permits the jaws I5 to be moved radially outwardly during movement of the toggle linkage from broken to straightened position.

What I claim is:

l. A rotary chuck for lathes and the like comprising a body, a plurality of work holding jaws carried by the body and being movable radially thereof into and out of work engaging position, toggle mechanism carried by the body and being operable to move said jaws, an annular member rotatably mounted upon the body and being operatively connected to said toggle mechanism to eect operation thereof, a hand wheel rotatably mounted upon the body, and a lost motion connection between said hand wheel and said annular member.

2. A rotary chuck for lathes and the like comprising a body, an annular member rotatably mounted upon the body, a hand wheel rotatably mounted upon the body and being operatively connected to said annular member, a plurality of work holding jaws carried by the body and being movable radially thereof, a cam ring rotatably mounted in the body and being operable upon rotation to effect radial movement of said jaws, a link pivotally mounted at one end to said cam ring, a second link pivotally mounted at one end to the body, the opposite ends of said links being pivotally joined together and to a third link, the opposite end of said third link being to said annular member, said links forming a toggle operable to eiect rotation of said cam ring upon rotation of said annular member relative to the body by said hand Wheel.

3. A rotary chuck for lathes and the like comprising a body, a plurality of work holding jaws mounted on the body for radial movement, a cam ring rotatably mounted in the body and operable upon rotation to move said jaws into and out of work engaging position, a toggle pivotally connected to said ring and to the body and being operable when actuated to effect rotation of the cam ring relative to the body, a hand wheel rotatably mounted on the body, motion transmitting wheel and said toggle means operable to adoumferentially thereof.

4. A rotary chuck for lathes and the like comprising a body,

toggle on the body cir-v a plurality of work holding jaws mounted on the body for radial movement, a cam ring rotatably mounted in the body and operable upon rotation relative to the body to move said jaws into and out of Work engaging position, a toggle pivotally connected to said cam ring and pivotally connected to an annular member adjustable circumferentially of the body, said toggle being operable when actuated to effect rotation of the cam ring relative to the body, a hand Wheel rotatably mounted on the body, motion transmitting means connecting the hand wheel and said toggle to actuate the same, and means for detachably locking said annular member to the body. WILLARD E. PARISH. 

